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__NOTOC__ The ''Haverhill Gazette'' (est.1821) is a weekly newspaper in Massachusetts, owned by Community Newspaper Holdings Inc. of Montgomery, Alabama.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Subscriber services )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Directory of New England Newspapers )〕 In 1998 the paper was bought by the Eagle Tribune Company, which itself was bought by Community Newspaper Holdings in 2005. ==History== Nathan Burrill and Caleb Hersey established the paper in 1821 in Haverhill; politically it supported the Federalists. In 1823 the paper absorbed the ''Essex Patriot.'' Among the ''Gazettes editors: Edward G. Frothingham, John H. Harris, Arthur Asa Hill, Isaac R. Howe, E.P. Rodgers, William Ellsworth Smythe, Jeremiah Spofford, Abijah W. Thayer, John Greenleaf Whittier.〔National cyclopaedia of American biography. 1921〕 Publishers have included Howard & Hill. By 1904 it had a circulation of about 8,000 subscribers.〔"Daily newspaper investigations." Printer's Ink, June 29, 1904〕 Following a strike in 1957 by Local 38 of the International Typographical Union during which it employed replacement printers, the paper found itself in competition with the Haverhill Journal, a daily founded by William Loeb, publisher of the Manchester (N.H.) Union Leader. The new competition was founded after several local business owners sought out a new newspaper to carry its advertising without offending the sensibilities of the significant numbers of Haverhill residents who were members of various shoe manufacturing unions. They prevailed on Loeb to publish a free shopper. Loeb, encouraged by favorabloe reaction to the first editions of the shopper, launched a daily in December 1957. Haverhill this became one of only three cities in Massachusetts with newspapers owned by competing publishers, the others being in Boston and Lynn. The Gazette was purchased by Newspapers of New England, Inc., a consortium of newspaper publishers who intended to "save" the Gazette and prevent Loeb from gaining inroads into publishing in Massachusetts, and matched Loeb's offer for the paper. The Gazette's owners included principally the Lowell Sun; The Holyoke Transcript-Telegram; the Brockton Enterprise & Times; Essex County Newspapers Inc. owner of The Newburyport News and The Gloucester Times; the Springfield Union and Springfield Daily News; and the Lawrence Eagle-Tribune. Other members of a 96 publisher association also owned less significant stakes. Loeb sued the Haverhill Gazette Co., Newspapers of New England and its individual managers over anti-trust issues. Gazette Co. counterclaimed on the same grounds. Gazette Co. won the suit, after the court found violations of anti-trust law in the Journal's solicitation of advertisers. In his ruling, Judge Charles Wyzanski found that based on costs and revenues for newspaper publishing "Haverhill is economically a one newspaper city." The court found that NNE had also violated anti-trust laws, but excused the behavior as a defensive maneuver. After losing on appeal Loeb suspended the Journal after losing the federal court case which found his company had violated anti-trust laws to keep the journal in business. During the battle, Loeb's expenses were extremely high. Union contracts at his plant in Manchester, N.H. provided that a day's work for printers consisted of printing a single publication. Thus his press room was being paid overtime starting at mid-week. Newspapers of New England subsequently sold the paper to Hagadone Newspapers of Idaho which later transferred the paper to Scripps League Newspapers, Inc. of Virginia in a combination sale including a newspaper in Elizabeth, N.J. Scripps League sold its newspapers in 1998 to Pulitzer Newspapers, Inc., which subsequently sold the Gazette to a company owned by the family which controlled the Eagle Tribune of North Andover, Mass., ending a newspaper competition in Haverhill between the Eagle Tribune and the Gazette. Eagle Tribune subsequently converted the Gazette from a daily to a once weekly newspaper. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Haverhill Gazette」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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